Abstract: In order to study the magnetic phase transition and dielectric relaxation of TbCrO₃ at low temperature, TbCrO₃ samples were prepared by the sol-gel self-propagating combustion synthesis method, and its magnetic and electrical properties were analyzed. The crystal structue and physical properties of TbCrO₃ were characterized by X-ray diffractometer, field emission scanning electron microscope and physical property measurement system, respectively. X-ray diffraction results show that the synthesized TbCrO₃ is single with Pbnm space group. The DC magnetization curve shows that the Neel temperature of the material is T_N=162 K, the theoretical value of the effective magnetic moment of the molecule is consistent with the experimental value obtained by extrapolation of the high-temperature paramagnetic section of the magnetization curve, indicating that the magnetic properties of the sample follow Curie's law, the Weiss constant is negative (-32.2 K), indicating the antiferromagnetic coupling characteristics inside the sample. In the dielectric measurement, at low frequency and high temperature, the sample has dielectric dispersion and giant dielectric constant, which is attributed to space charge polarization. The sample shows dielectric relaxation near 200 K, and the loss peak moves to high temperature with increasing frequency. The fitted activation energy is 0.358 eV, which is close to the activation energy of other samples in the RCrO₃ system. According to the relationship between the imaginary part of the dielectric constant and the frequency, the relaxation is the Maxwell-Wagner relaxation. From impedance spectroscopy analysis, relaxation is caused by the interaction of grain boundaries and grains. TbCrO₃ has a paramagnetic-antiferromagnetic phase transition at low temperature, and dielectric relaxation shows thermal activation behavior.