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文泰翔, 傅文学. 气候变化背景下芬兰北方森林时空动态变化分析[J]. 桂林电子科技大学学报, 2025, 45(3): 259-265. DOI: 10.16725/j.1673-808X.2023201
引用本文: 文泰翔, 傅文学. 气候变化背景下芬兰北方森林时空动态变化分析[J]. 桂林电子科技大学学报, 2025, 45(3): 259-265. DOI: 10.16725/j.1673-808X.2023201
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WEN Taixiang, FU Wenxue. Spatiotemporal dynamic analysis of the boreal forest in Finland under global climate change[J]. Journal of Guilin University of Electronic Technology, 2025, 45(3): 259-265. DOI: 10.16725/j.1673-808X.2023201
Citation: WEN Taixiang, FU Wenxue. Spatiotemporal dynamic analysis of the boreal forest in Finland under global climate change[J]. Journal of Guilin University of Electronic Technology, 2025, 45(3): 259-265. DOI: 10.16725/j.1673-808X.2023201
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气候变化背景下芬兰北方森林时空动态变化分析

Spatiotemporal dynamic analysis of the boreal forest in Finland under global climate change

    摘要
  • 摘要: 全球气候变暖背景下，研究芬兰典型北方森林覆盖的大尺度较高空间分辨率的时空动态变化特征对研究北方森林气候响应和可持续发展都有着重要意义。以1980—2020年5期Landsat TM/OLI影像为数据源，基于地图平台选取芬兰为北方森林研究区，使用多光谱植被指数和缨帽变换构成特殊分类特征集，结合随机森林算法得到研究区5期森林覆盖图，使用测试样本点与高分2、7号影像随机选点验证，分类精度分别为97.17%、88.90%。对5期森林覆盖图进行2°纬度带分割，通过像元叠加分析定量化研究区内整体及各纬度带森林覆盖时空动态变化信息和规律。结果表明：40年间，芬兰北方森林覆盖变化显著，总体呈减少趋势，森林覆盖率由75.79%减少到65.36%，减少了10.43%；在62°~64°N区域内有林地面积减少量最高，减少了10.24%，在68°~70°N区域内覆盖率变化最高，减少了15.28%；各纬度带森林覆盖率都有不同程度的减少，在1980—2000年间64°N以上高纬度区域变化程度更高，在2000—2020年间64°N以下低纬度区域变化程度更高更剧烈，但在高纬度区域森林生长有回暖迹象，有部分山地常年裸地岩土区域生长出新森林，气候变化可能导致研究区北部更适合森林生长。

     

    Abstract: In the context of global warming, the study of the long-term spatial change characteristics of the boreal forest cover not only is important for global climate change and sustainable development research but also can provide the support for the further research on the response of the boreal forest changes to climate change．The five-phase Landsat TM/OLI images from 1980 to 2020 were used as the data source based on the map platform to select the country Finland as the boreal forest study area, and the multispectral vegetation index and tasseled cap transformation were used to constitute the special classification feature set, combined with the random forest algorithm to obtain the five-phase forest cover map of the study area, and the classification accuracy was verified using the test sample points and randomly selected points from the Gaofen 2 and 7 (GF-2 and GF-7)images with a classification accuracy of 97.17% and 88.90%.The 5-phase forest cover images were segmented by 2° latitude zone, and the spatial and temporal dynamic changes of forest cover in the whole area and each latitude zone were quantified by pixel superposition analysis. The results showed that in the past 40 years, the boreal forest cover in Finland had a significant change, and the forest cover decreased from 75.79% to 65.36%, decreasing by 10.43%. The highest reduction in forest area was observed in the 62°~64°N area, with a decrease of 10.24%. The highest change rate in coverage was observed in the 68°~70°N area, with a decrease of 15.28%. The forest coverage in each latitude zone has decreased to varying degrees, with higher changes occurring in high latitude areas above 64°N between 1980 and 2000, and higher and more severe changes occurring in low latitude areas below 64°N between 2000 and 2020. However, there are signs of warming up in forest growth in high-latitude regions, with some mountainous areas growing new forests in perennial bare soil areas. Climate change may make the northern part of the study area more suitable for forest growth.

     

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