Abstract: To improve the efficiency of crowd evacuation in emergency situations, reduce casualties and property losses, an improved social force model is proposed to study the problem of passenger emergency evacuation. It introduces the panic coefficient and partnering behavior of passengers to improve the social force model, and takes Nanning Wuxu International Airport(NNG) as an example, constructs a physical simulation model, simulates the whole process of passenger entry and evacuation, takes the departure process as an entry point, and researches the influence of the departure hall entrance and exit locations, spatial layout and evacuation paths on the evacuation bottlenecks and evacuation efficiency. The results show that the evacuation speed is not linearly proportional to the evacuation efficiency, and excessive tension is not conducive to evacuation; the partnering ratio affects the evacuation of passengers, and the larger the partnering ratio is, the more time is spent on evacuation; in addition, the irrational spatial layout of some parts of the terminal building, and the lack of effective guidance for the evacuation path also affect the formation of evacuation bottlenecks. These findings offer insights for crowd emergency management and evacuation strategy optimization.